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Journal · Building

Building in a salt-air climate

Why so many houses in Todos Santos are poured concrete, what the Pacific does to a building, and what to check before you buy or build.

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Brick and lime in the historic centre of Todos Santos
Brick and lime in the historic centre of Todos SantosPhoto: panza.rayada · Wikimedia · CC BY-SA 3.0
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Building

This is general guidance for buyers. Have any house inspected by a local engineer or architect before you commit; conditions vary from lot to lot.

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What the coast does to a house

Three things work on every building here, all year: salt carried in the wind off the Pacific, sun that bakes any surface facing west and south, and a rainy season at the end of summer that can bring a tropical storm in a single afternoon. Near the beach, add wind-blown sand. A house that ignores any of these looks tired within a few years.

Why concrete

Most new houses in Todos Santos, El Pescadero and Cerritos are reinforced concrete, often left exposed with the pattern of the wooden formwork (board-formed). It is not only a look. Concrete does not rot, termites do not eat it, it holds the cool of the night into the afternoon, and it stands up to wind. The steel inside is the weak point: near the ocean it needs generous concrete cover, good compaction and, ideally, a sealer, or salt reaches it and the surface starts to crack and stain from within.

Traditional brick and block houses in the historic centre have lasted for generations with thick walls and lime-based finishes that breathe. Both approaches work; what fails is thin walls, cheap steel and no maintenance.

Orientation, shade, air

A well-designed house here spends the day outside. Deep terraces on the ocean side, small openings to the west, cross-ventilation so the afternoon breeze moves through, and roofs that shade the walls. Air conditioning is welcome in August and September; a house that needs it all year was drawn for another climate.

Metal, wood and glass

  • Metal. Plain steel railings, hinges and window frames rust within a season near the beach. Look for marine-grade stainless, hot-dip galvanized steel, or aluminum with a good coating.
  • Wood. Beautiful, and it needs oiling every year. Hardwoods and treated pine hold up; untreated soft wood does not.
  • Glass. Large sliding doors are the norm. Check the rollers and the drainage of the track; sand and salt jam them first.

Water and drainage

Roofs must drain fast. Flat roofs need a real slope, clean scuppers and a membrane in good condition; a puddle that stays after a storm becomes a leak. Look at how rainwater leaves the lot as well: arroyos that are dry eleven months of the year run hard in September.

What to check when you visit

  • Rust stains or hairline cracks on exposed concrete, especially on the ocean side.
  • Bubbling paint or white salt bloom on the lower part of walls.
  • Condition of the roof membrane and the drains.
  • Age and type of the water tank, pump and cistern.
  • Whether the house has a municipal connection, a well with a permit, or water delivered by truck.
  • Permits: the building licence and the final inspection from the municipality.
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